World War I came to an official end with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles (named for the French palace where peace negotiations were conducted pronounced "ver-SIGH") in 1919. The long and bloody conflict concluded in 1918 with a full German retreat. Germany tried to stake its claim as a leading European power through warfare. The First World War, sometimes referred to as the Great War, was a fight for power and influence. The Nazis' rise to power was tied directly to the staggering defeat suffered by Germany in World War I (1914-18). Germany, Italy, and Japan became known as the Axis Powers, and the forces that fought against Germany-France, Britain, and later the Soviet Union and the United States-were called the Allied Powers. Eventually, the leading powers of the world would align (take sides) with Germany or with England. Great Britain and France responded to this aggression by declaring war on Germany. In September 1939 Germany had invaded Poland. Members of all political parties-the tradition-minded Conservatives, the reform-seeking Liberals, and the workers' Labour Party-would play a role in the new government under Churchill. Chamberlain resigned his post and Winston Churchill, unyielding and bold, was appointed prime minister of Britain on May 10, 1940.Ĭhurchill's first job was to form a new British government, called a coalition government. It became clear that Hitler could not be trusted. By March 1939 Germany claimed the rest of Czechoslovakia. As it turned out, this alone did not satisfy the cunning German leader's appetite for power and land. To appease Hitler, he gave in to his demands to add the German-speaking sections of Czechoslovakia to his territory. The Nazis encouraged the growing nationalist movement in Germany-a movement that glorified all things German and demanded blind devotion to the party's beliefs.īritish prime minister Neville Chamberlain (the chief officer of the British government) sought to avoid war between Germany and Britain. An extremely dangerous leader who seemed to have a spellbinding grasp on his followers, Hitler had spent the previous decade building up the National Socialist German Workers' Party (or Nazi Party for short). Roosevelt Joseph Stalin WWII = World War II Winston Churchill stroke.Excerpts from selected speeches delivered in the spring of 1940 Printed in NEVER GIVE IN! The Best of Winston Churchill's Speeches Published in 2003Īfter Adolf Hitler was named chancellor (chief officer) of Germany in 1933, the German government stepped up efforts to expand its territory in Europe. The early death of Roosevelt, in particular, may have exacerbated post-WWII miscommunication between America and the Soviet Union-miscommunication that may have helped precipitate the Cold War.įranklin D. Furthermore, Roosevelt was still president and Stalin was still premier at their times of passing, so their deaths carried huge political ramifications not only for their respective countries but also for international relations. Churchill's illness forced him to resign as British prime minister, and the events that unfolded immediately after his resignation included Britain's mismanagement of the Egyptian Suez Crisis and also a period of mistrust with the United States. The subsequent deterioration of their health and eventual death had varying degrees of historical significance. At the time of Yalta, these 3 men were the leaders of the most powerful countries in the world. Finally, Prime Minister Churchill died 20 years after the conference because of complications due to stroke. Premier Stalin died 8 years later, also due to a hemorrhagic stroke. President Roosevelt died 2 months after the Yalta Conference due to a hemorrhagic stroke. Within 2 decades of this conference, all 3 men had died. Roosevelt of the United States, Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin, and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill met near Yalta in Crimea to discuss how post-World War II (WWII) Europe should be organized. From February 4 to 11, 1945, President Franklin D.
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